裂隙(孔隙)水冻结过程中岩石细观结构变化的实验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0906

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摘要研究岩石在低温冻结过程中细观结构的变化和孔隙(裂隙)水的冻结过程，对于深化认识冻结岩石的力学及损伤特性具有重要意义。通过开展不同冻结温度下岩石细观结构CT扫描实验，获得了岩样在20 ℃，－2 ℃，
－5 ℃，－10 ℃，－20 ℃，－30 ℃时细观结构的CT图像。采用Canny算子对冻结岩石CT图像进行边缘检测，完成了冻结过程中岩石二维细观结构的识别。基于体视学理论，提出表征冻结岩石细观结构特征参数的计算公式，分析了孔隙(裂隙)水冻结过程中岩石细观结构的变化，实现了冻结过程中岩样不同截面裂隙(孔隙)的长度、宽度、面积及圆形度等参数变化规律的定量分析。分析结果表明：在0 ℃～－2 ℃区间，岩样扫描层面内裂隙(孔隙)的长度、宽度、面积快速增加，这一阶段为宏观裂隙中体积水结冰阶段，裂隙(孔隙)的扩张由体积膨胀机制引起；在－2 ℃～－5 ℃区间，裂隙(孔隙)的扩张速率明显降低，该阶段为细观(部分微观)裂隙(孔隙)中水的结冰过程；在－5 ℃～－20 ℃区间，裂隙(孔隙)的扩张速率又开始增加，但低于0 ℃～－2 ℃区间的增加速率，该阶段为微观裂隙(孔隙)中的水向冰晶体迁移阶段，由分凝冰机制引起裂隙的扩张。

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	刘慧1
	杨更社1
	贾海梁1
	叶万军1
	魏尧1
	奚家米1
	申艳军1
	张慧梅2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 冻结岩石, 温度梯度, CT图像, 细观结构

Abstract：Studying the change of meso-structure of rock during freezing has great significance for deepening the understanding of the mechanical and damage characteristics of frozen rock. The CT images of the meso-structure of rock at different freezing temperature gradients were obtained. The edge of CT images of frozen rock was detected using the Canny operator and two-dimentional meso-structure of rock during freezing was identificated. The composition and relationship of the meso-structure for frozen rock were analyzed based on the theory of stereo vision. The formula for calculating the characteristic parameters of meso-structure of frozen rock were presented. The variation of lengths，widths，areas and roundness for the pores and cracks were analyzed quantitatively during the process of freezing. The length，width and area of cracks (pores) were found to be rapidly increased in the temperature range of 0 ℃ to －2 ℃ due to the volume expansion of freezing water in the macroscopic cracks. The expansion rate of cracks (pores) was significantly reduced in the temperature range of －2 ℃ to －5 ℃. In this stage, It is deduced that the freezing process of the water in the meso-cracks (pores) (or partly micro) occurred. The expansion of the cracks (pores) increased again in the temperature range of －5 ℃ to －20 ℃，but with a lower rate than in temperature range of 0 ℃ to －2 ℃. In this stage the water in the micro cracks(pores) was transformed into the ice crystals.

Key words： rock mechanics frozen rock temperature gradient CT image meso-structure

引用本文:

刘慧1，杨更社1，贾海梁1，叶万军1，魏尧1，奚家米1，申艳军1，张慧梅2. 裂隙(孔隙)水冻结过程中岩石细观结构变化的实验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(12): 2516-2524.
LIU Hui1，YANG Gengshe1，JIA Hailiang1，YE Wanjun1，WEI Yao1，XI Jiami1，SHEN Yanjun1，ZHANG Huimei2. Experimental study on meso-structure of rock in the process of crack(pore) water freezing. , 2016, 35(12): 2516-2524.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0906 或 http://rockmech.org/CN/Y2016/V35/I12/2516

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