(1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan，Hubei 430070，China；
2. Shaanxi Geotechnical Engineering Construction Group Co.，Ltd.，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710075，China)
Abstract：To overcome the deficiency of the existing test devices and methods for rock burst modeling，a gas-liquid composite loading test device was developed to conduct the large size rock burst modeling under different stress gradients. In this paper, the occurrence，development processes and failure mechanism of the rock burst were studied through the analysis of the macroscopic failure features，interior deformation characteristics and the acoustic emission characteristic parameters of the sample. The results show that the occurrence of rock burst is closely related to the stress gradient，the energy concentration degree and the energy release rate during the rock burst processes. The differences of load gradient difference in the model test lead to the different concentration degree of internal stresses. These differences also influence the energy dissipation and agglomeration of the specimen in the early stage and the energy release rate at the moment of rock burst. If the difference of the vertical fracturing load gradient becomes greater，the degree of the local stress concentration becomes higher and the energy release rate will be faster. At the same time，the energy converted into the kinetic energy will increase and the probability of rock burst will be larger. When the specimen is broken，the ratio of the maximum vertical load on the top to the uniaxial compressive strength R is . Under the gradient loading condition，the static and dynamic composite loading is the main reason for the reduction of the failure load capacity of the specimen.
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