瓮福磷矿穿岩洞矿区矽卡岩不同湿度和应力状态下的力学特征

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0267

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摘要以瓮福磷矿穿岩洞矿区的矽卡岩作为研究对象，置入自行设计的湿度控制装置49 d，期间设置4个湿度等级(70% RH，80% RH，90% RH和100% RH)与多个时间节点，对试件的孔隙率、质量和尺寸进行跟踪测定，并开展常规单、三轴压缩试验，结合电镜扫描和X射线衍射，分析试件在高湿作用过程中的微细观结构、质量损失、腐蚀深度的变化规律及强度、变形、力学参数的响应特征。结果表明：(1) 矽卡岩结构疏松程度与高湿作用时间成正相关，原致密层状结晶形态向团絮状形态转变，并伴有微裂隙产生，其宽度随着时间推移而增长；(2) 湿度越高，同一时间段内试样的孔隙率、质量和尺寸相对变化越大，且在各环境中，初期的变化速率达到最快，后期趋于平稳；(3) 与70% RH环境中49 d的试样相比，100% RH环境中试样的单轴抗压强度降幅达35%，在模拟现场的90% RH环境下，试样49 d的单轴抗压强度累计降幅为46%，其下降速率随时间增加而减缓，黏聚力和内摩擦角随时间推移均有减小的趋势，且黏聚力较内摩擦角对高湿更为敏感；(4) 综合试件在高湿作用下腐蚀深度的变化规律而建立的矽卡岩强度模型，与试验结果吻合较好；(5) 矽卡岩受高湿侵蚀的化学损伤机制包括溶蚀、水化和崩解，从而削弱了矿物颗粒间的摩擦作用，劣化了其力学性能，导致破坏模式由剪切破坏向拉伸破坏过渡，加速了矽卡岩矿柱的破坏。

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	陈伟1
	万文1
	冯涛1
	赵延林1
	2
	吴秋红1
	2
	周彧1
	谢森林3

关键词 ：岩石力学, 深部高湿环境, 水岩相互作用, 时效特征, 腐蚀深度, 强度模型, 力学损伤机制

Abstract：Skarn samples from the Chuanyandong orefield of Wengfu phosphate mine，taken as the research object，were placed in the self-designed device for 49 days with four humidity ratios(70% RH，80% RH，90% RH and 100% RH) and measured at certain intervals for obtaining the porosity，mass and size. Then，uniaxial and triaxial compression tests，electron microscope scanning and X-ray diffraction were subsequently performed to analyze the variations in micro structure，mass loss and corrosion depth. Simultaneously，the response features of the strength，deformation and mechanical parameters were also discussed. The results show that the structural porosity positively relates to the placing time under high-humidity conditions. The dense layered crystal morphology tends to be flocculent，accompanied with the generation of micro fissures，and the width of these fissures increases with time. Higher humidity ratio frequently causes larger variations in porosity，mass and size. The change rate reaches the fastest initially and levels off over time. The uniaxial compressive strength under 100% RH condition decreases by 35%，compared to that of 70% RH condition after the placement for 49 days. Under 90% RH condition，the accumulated decrease ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength is 46%. The decrease ratio slows with time. In addition，the cohesion and the internal frictional angle also decrease with time，while the cohesion is more sensitive to the high-humidity environment than the internal frictional angle. The proposed strength model，considering the corrosion law under high-humidity ratios，agrees well with the laboratory results. The chemical corrosion under high-humidity conditions，involving dissolution，hydration and disintegration，impairs the friction between particles，weakens the mechanical strength，causes the transition from shear failure to tensile failure and finally accelerates the damage of the skarn pillars.

Key words： rock mechanics deep high-humidity environment water-rock interaction aging characteristics corrosion depth strength model mechanical damage mechanism

引用本文:

陈伟1，万文1，冯涛1，赵延林1，2，吴秋红1，2，周彧1，谢森林3. 瓮福磷矿穿岩洞矿区矽卡岩不同湿度和应力状态下的力学特征[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(12): 2510-2525.
CHEN Wei1，WAN Wen1，FENG Tao1，ZHAO Yanlin1，2，WU Qiuhong1，2，ZHOU Yu1，XIE Senlin3. Mechanical characteristics of skarns from Chuanyandong orefield of Wengfu phosphate mine under various humidity ratios and stress states. , 2021, 40(12): 2510-2525.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0267 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I12/2510

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