岩石变形破坏各阶段强度特征值确定方法

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1645

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摘要岩石各阶段强度特征值的准确确定对合理界定岩石变形破坏阶段、力学机制、设计参数取值具有重要的理论和实践意义。鉴于此，提出“试验数据+轴向应变刚度”联合确定岩石变形破坏各阶段强度特征值的方法，并结合围压30 MPa砂岩全过程三轴压缩试验数据，详细介绍采用该方法的取值过程，同时对该取值方法进行验证。结果表明：(1) 在岩石应力–应变曲线中线弹性特征明显，但线弹性阶段和裂纹稳定扩展阶段的分界点不易被界定；(2) 轴向应变刚度能将应力–应变曲线中微小的变化有效显现出来，更利于准确界定岩石变形破坏各个阶段，且可划分为上下不均匀波动、上下均匀波动基本水平、不均匀波动逐步减小至零、极度波动和基本维持为零五个阶段；(3) 裂纹的压缩、起裂、扩展、贯通将引起轴向应变刚度出现较大的、不规律的波动；(4) 采用该方法确定的压密应力、起裂应力、损伤应力与峰值应力的比值分别为：0.10，0.56，0.68；(5) 该取值方法理论基础为一阶导数，取值过程客观合理，为理论上定量、操作上半定量的取值方法。结合现代计算机和数据处理技术，能快速实现该方法操作过程，认为该方法可为岩石强度特征值的确定提供新的思路。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 强度特征值, 起裂应力, 应变刚度

Abstract：Accurate identifying each stage characteristic stresses of rock has significant importance on determining rock deformation and failure stage，mechanics，design parameters. In view of this，the “testing data+ strain stiffness” combing method has been proposed to identify those stresses. According to the trixial compression testing data of sandstone(30 MPa)，the operation process has been detailed，and the method has been verified. Then the following conclusions can be drawn：(1) The linear elastic feature is obvious in stress-strain curve，but the demarcation point of the linear elastic stage and the stable crack growth stage is not easy to be detected；(2) The tiny changes in stress-strain curve can be amplified by strain stiffness，which is better used to identify the rock deformation stages，and the strain stiffness curve can be divided into five stages：irregular fluctuation，regular fluctuation and nearly horizontal，irregular fluctuation and gradually decreasing to zero，extremely fluctuation，nearly zero.(3) The serious irregular fluctuations in strain stiffness are related to the events of the crack closure，initiation，expansion，coalescence，rock failure and block sliding；(4) The ratio of crack closure stress，crack initiation stress and damage stress to peak stress are 0.10，0.56 and 0.68 respectively. (5) Based on first derivative，objective and reasonable operation process，the method is an accurate in theory and semi-accurate in operation method. Finally，with the modern computer and data processing technology，the processing can be easily operated；providing a new approach to identify rock characteristic stress.

Key words： rock mechanics characteristic stresses crack initiation stress strain stiffness

引用本文:

高美奔1，2，李天斌1，2，孟陆波1，2，陈国庆1，2，陈超1，2，廖安杰1，2，罗凯1，2. 岩石变形破坏各阶段强度特征值确定方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(S2): 3577-3588.
GAO Meiben1，2，LI Tianbin1，2，MENG Lubo1，2，CHEN Guoqing1，2，CHEN Chao1，2，. THE METHOD TO IDENTIFY CHARACTERISTIC STRESSES OF ROCK in different stages during failure process. , 2016, 35(S2): 3577-3588.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1645 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/IS2/3577

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