CO2注入诱发盐沉淀对渗透率的影响机制：可视化试验和场地模拟

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0357

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摘要裂隙岩体渗流–沉淀现象是地下能源工程领域的研究热点问题之一。当CO2注入深部咸水层时，咸水蒸发引起盐沉淀并堵塞岩石空隙，显著影响CO2封存效率。为系统阐明裂隙介质中渗流–沉淀过程对CO2注入过程的影响机制，充分结合室内试验与数值模拟开展研究。自主研发裂隙介质渗流–沉淀可视化试验平台，采用粗糙玻璃制备透明裂隙模型，模拟饱和咸水裂隙中注入气体引起盐沉淀的过程。研究不同注入流速(Q =10～1 000 mL/min)下盐沉淀的空间分布特征，发现低速注入流速下形成局部聚集的异位沉淀模式，而高速注入流速则诱发均匀沉淀模式。基于可视化观测结果，阐明2种沉淀模式对裂隙渗透率演化的控制机制，构建渗透率演化的幂律模型。将渗透率幂律模型嵌入TOUGH3模拟软件，依托美国伊利诺伊州CO?地质封存项目，验证经典“串联管”模型会高估盐沉淀堵塞风险，而渗透率幂律演化模型与实测数据更吻合，最终揭示室内试验沉淀模式与场地尺度沉淀的空间分异特征之间的内在关联。从可视化试验、渗透率演化模型和数值模拟3个层面系统揭示盐沉淀对储层渗透率的影响机制，为CO2地质封存注入条件优化提供科学支撑。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 盐沉淀, 沉淀模式, 可视化试验, 渗透率, CO2地质封存

Abstract：Salt precipitation in fractured rock is a significant area of research within underground energy engineering. The injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifers leads to the evaporation of formation water, which causes salt crystals to precipitate in fractures, thereby significantly reducing storage efficiency. To elucidate the impact of this process on CO2 injection, this study integrates laboratory visualization with numerical simulation. A self-developed visualization setup was utilized, employing rough glass to construct transparent fracture models and simulating salt precipitation induced by gas injection into brine-filled fractures. Various injection rates (Q = 10–1 000 mL/min) were tested to evaluate spatial precipitation patterns. At low flow rates, localized ex situ precipitation was observed, while higher flow rates resulted in homogeneous precipitation. Based on these observations, the mechanisms governing the evolution of fracture permeability for each precipitation pattern were identified, and a power-law model for permeability changes was developed. This permeability evolution model was incorporated into the TOUGH3 simulator and applied to the Illinois Basin CO2 storage project. The classic tubes-in-series model was found to overestimate clogging risk, whereas the power-law evolution model demonstrated a closer alignment with field measurements. These findings establish a direct relationship between laboratory-scale precipitation patterns and field-scale spatial variability, providing scientific support for optimizing CO2 injection conditions. This work systematically reveals the impact mechanism of salt precipitation on reservoir permeability from three aspects: visualization experiments, permeability evolution models, and numerical simulations, to provide scientific support for the optimization of CO2 geological sequestration injection conditions.

Key words： rock mechanics salt precipitation precipitation pattern visualization experiment permeability CO? geological storage

引用本文:

陈旭升1，2，胡冉1，2，杨志兵1，2，陈益峰1，2. CO2注入诱发盐沉淀对渗透率的影响机制：可视化试验和场地模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(11): 2959-2974.
CHEN Xusheng1, 2, HU Ran1, 2, YANG Zhibing1, 2, CHEN Yifeng1, 2. Effects of CO2 injection?induced salt precipitation on permeability: Visualization experiments and field simulations#br#. , 2025, 44(11): 2959-2974.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0357 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I11/2959

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