Advances in rock mechanics and engineering research in deep low-temperature environments
TAN Xianjun1, LIU Xianhuan2, CHEN Weizhong1, JIA Hailiang2, ZHENG Peichao1, 3, LIU Jie4, ZHAO Yanxing5, XIAO Hongmei5, LI Nana6, ZHAO Yanqiang6
(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety , Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi?an University of Science and Technology, Xi?an, Shaanxi 710054, China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4. Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 5. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 6. Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology, National Science Library (Wuhan), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China)
Abstract：In low-temperature environments, the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, as well as their engineering behavior, differ significantly from those at ambient temperature, primarily due to water-ice phase transitions. These differences become more pronounced as the temperature decreases. Considering industry-specific low-temperature classification standards and the environmental conditions of geotechnical engineering, a refined low-temperature zoning framework tailored to geomechanics is proposed, defining the threshold for “deep low temperatures” and further subdividing it into “extreme low temperatures” and “ultra-low temperatures.” Based on findings from laboratory experiments, theoretical analyses, and numerical simulations, this study provides a systematic review of the physical and mechanical properties of rocks under deep low-temperature, with a particular focus on the temperature-dependent evolution of key parameters such as porosity, elastic wave velocity, thermal conductivity, elastic modulus, and mechanical strength. Furthermore, by employing the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupling models, the mechanisms by which frost heave effects, thermal stress distribution, and water migration contribute to rock damage are analyzed. Numerical simulations reveal the coupled evolution characteristics of the temperature, stress, and seepage fields, as well as their underlying roles in the accumulation and progression of rock damage. Additionally, key scientific and technological challenges associated with deep low-temperature rock mechanics are examined in the context of engineering applications, such as underground energy storage, liquid nitrogen-based waterless fracturing, polar infrastructure, and deep-space resource extraction. Finally, based on current theoretical advancements, technological developments, and engineering demands, several future research directions in rock mechanics under deep low-temperature conditions are proposed. These include investigations into the micro-scale phase transition dynamics and multi-scale damage mechanisms of rocks in deep low temperatures, the development of non-equilibrium multi-field coupling theoretical frameworks, and the spatiotemporal prediction of long-term rock performance under deep low-temperature conditions.
谭贤君1，刘显欢2，陈卫忠1，贾海梁2，郑培超1，3，刘 杰4，赵延兴5，肖红梅5，李娜娜6，赵晏强6. 深低温环境岩石力学与工程研究进展[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(7): 1671-1694.
TAN Xianjun1, LIU Xianhuan2, CHEN Weizhong1, JIA Hailiang2, ZHENG Peichao1, 3, LIU Jie4, ZHAO Yanxing5, XIAO Hongmei5, LI Nana6, ZHAO Yanqiang6. Advances in rock mechanics and engineering research in deep low-temperature environments. , 2025, 44(7): 1671-1694.
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2025, Vol. 44 
