峰后循环载荷下石英岩微裂纹时空演化及震源机制定量反演

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0082

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摘要深地工程灾害是岩体裂隙跨尺度演化灾变的结果，而灾害是否发生及其严重程度取决于峰后阶段裂隙动态扩展与能量释放特征。为从源头揭示峰后阶段岩体裂纹扩展黑箱过程及破裂机制，开展峰后循环载荷下石英岩I型断裂试验，基于声发射分析微裂纹时空动态演化过程，提出了基于震源产生–传播–接收全过程正演的微裂纹震源定量反演方法，获得了微裂纹类型、尺度、取向、损伤等核心参数的演变规律，并将细观反演结果与宏观测试进行对比。结果表明：在峰后循环载荷下，微裂纹主要出现在峰前损伤应力至峰后应力降的加载阶段内，在空间分布上大能量事件聚集于裂纹扩展中上部区域，随循环次数增加声发射记忆效应Felicity比值逐渐降低；在细观尺度上单个微裂纹以张开–剪切复合破裂机制为主，在全局分解中I型张拉体积分量累积占比超90%，大震级微裂纹运动方向主要沿水平张开且空间取向接近宏观主破裂面，验证了三点弯曲I型张拉断裂的主导机制；基于微裂纹取向及尺寸定义的损伤张量表明优势方向微裂纹群主导了宏观破裂扩展，优势/随机损伤比值持续增长可作为破裂扩展的前兆信息；估算单个微裂纹尺度及耗散能量范围，其中微裂纹平均尺寸与试样晶粒尺寸相匹配，微裂纹群累积张开位移与引伸计测量的宏观裂纹口张开位移呈线性正相关，证实了反演结果的可靠性。研究成果为岩体裂隙面形态反演提供了定量手段，对揭示岩石破裂演化过程及灾变机制具有重要意义。

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	王笑然1
	刘晓斐2
	周鑫2
	常鑫3
	王恩元2
	艾克热木江?艾合麦提2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 峰后加卸载, 微裂纹震源, 时空演化, 机制反演, 损伤张量, 宏微观对比

Abstract：Deep underground engineering disasters stem from the cross-scale evolution and catastrophic failure of rock masses, with the occurrence and severity of such disasters being contingent upon the dynamics of crack propagation and energy release characteristics during the post-peak stage. To fundamentally elucidate the black-box processes involved in post-peak crack propagation and fracturing mechanisms in loaded rock, this study conducted mode-I fracture tests on quartzite beams under post-peak cyclic loading conditions. Through acoustic emission (AE) analysis, we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of microcracks and developed a quantitative inversion method for microcracking source parameters based on forward modeling of the entire process, from source generation and wave propagation to signal reception. The evolution patterns of critical microcrack parameters, including type, scale, orientation, and damage, were systematically revealed, with mesoscopic inversion results validated against macroscopic measurements. Key findings include: During post-peak cycling, most microcracking events occur between the pre-peak damage stress and the post-peak stress drop period of the loading stage, with large-magnitude events concentrating in the upper-middle region of the crack. The AE Felicity ratio progressively decreases with the number of cycles, indicating weakening spatiotemporal memory effects. At the mesoscale, individual microcracks predominantly exhibit mixed-mode mechanisms. However, the global volume decomposition of microcracks shows that mode-I tensile components account for over 90% of the accumulated damage volume, where large-magnitude microcracks demonstrate horizontal tensile motion aligned with macroscopic fracture planes, confirming tensile-dominated mechanisms in three-point bending tests. Damage tensor analysis based on microcrack orientation and size reveals that preferentially oriented microcrack clusters dominate macroscopic fracture propagation. The increasing ratio between preferential and random damage components serves as a precursor for fracture progression. Additionally, the scale of microcracks and the energy dissipation range were quantitatively estimated. The average size of microcracks was found to be consistent with grain sizes, while the cumulative opening displacements of microcrack clusters exhibited a linear positive correlation with macroscopic crack opening displacement, thereby confirming the reliability of the inversion results. This research provides a quantitative methodology for representing rock fracture morphology, offering significant implications for understanding rock failure mechanisms and enhancing disaster prevention in rock engineering.

Key words： rock mechanics post-peak cyclic loading microcracking source temporal-spatial evolution mechanism inversion damage tensor macro-micro comparison

引用本文:

王笑然1，刘晓斐2，周鑫2，常鑫3，王恩元2，艾克热木江?艾合麦提2. 峰后循环载荷下石英岩微裂纹时空演化及震源机制定量反演[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(10): 2679-2695.
WANG Xiaoran1, LIU Xiaofei2, ZHOU Xin2, CHANG Xin3, WANG Enyuan2, AIKEREMUJIANG Aihemaiti2. Temporal-spatial evolution and source parameters quantitative inversion of microcracks in quartzite under post-peak cyclic loading. , 2025, 44(10): 2679-2695.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0082 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I10/2679

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